• N&PD Moderators: Skorpio | thegreenhand

Ketamine salts solubility

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You're still at this?
Jesus man. Time to learn some pharmacology already...

I've written an entire thread including links to the appropriate software and resources. When I pointed this out, I was asked to provide a link. OK so I spend 9 hours writing the thread and someone cannot be bothered to spend 30 seconds finding a link to a threat with a VERY clear title that was on the first page of 'most recent posts'.

I concluded that it's someone who is simply glorifying ignorance. They missed their mark, politics and religion seem like much more appropriate fields in which facts are not of much interest.
 


Without a shadow of a doubt, the papers in the above hotlinks provide most important data when it comes to the identification and optimization of selective, duel and non-selective opiate agonists as well as high-potency mu ligands.

Fig 1 of the first paper shows the relative spatial position and orientation (RPO) of the key moieties. You will notice that for mu agonists, the paper identifies:

1) 2x hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA)
2) positive ionizable point (PI)
3) ring aromatic group (RA)

This is a limitation as it doesn't identify the SECOND RA (ring aromatic), generally required to achieve very high potency. The second paper DOES identify this second ring.

If you employ the RPO and devise a sufficiently large and varied training set, you will discover that even the most bizarre high-potency ligands fid into these simple rules. However, their is a SIXTH binding site that appears to require pi-bonding and yet does not require a RA. Examples of this are allyl prodine & 14-cinnamyloxycodone although some early synthetic opioids such as alimadol and even the Bentley compounds may have stumbled upon this, The latter may seem an odd example but their are a number of compounds in the class in which the dihydro derivatives are significantly LESS potent.

With the above, it's now possible to state with >98% certainty that any compound with:

1) Biosteric minimum small enough to fid into mu receptor
2) Physical properties (RO5)
3) Ability to cross BBB

WILL be an active opioid.

NB the training-sets are listed from compounds with the highest affinity down to those with the lowest affinity.
 
ID Time add. Title Series Author(s) Publisher Year PagesLanguage
Journal of Organic Chemistry vol. 48 iss. 2 pp.227—238
Codeine analogs. Synthesis of 4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines containing nitrogen ring functionality and of octahydro-1H-indeno[1,2,3-ef]isoquinolines. A total synthesis of codeine
DOI: 10.1021/jo00150a017 a a
Moos, Walter H.; Gless, Richard D.; Rapoport, Henry1983 JanuaryEnglish
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 14 iss. 23
ChemInform Abstract: CODEINE ANALOGS. SYNTHESIS OF 4A-ARYLDECAHYDROISOQUINOLINES CONTAINING NITROGEN RING FUNCTIONALITY AND OF OCTAHYDRO-1H-INDENO(1,2,3-EF)ISOQUINOLINES. A TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF CODEINE
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198323256 a a
MOOS, W. H.; GLESS, R. D.; RAPOPORT, H.1983 June 07
Tetrahedron vol. 44 iss. 5 pp.1567—1572
A new approach to the synthesis of morphinans and 4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines
DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85936-6 a a
C.W. Bird; K. Naidoo1988 JanvierFrench;English;German
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry vol. 31 iss. 3 pp.555—560
Synthesis and analgesic properties of N-substituted trans-4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines
DOI: 10.1021/jm00398a011 a a
Zimmerman, Dennis M.; Cantrell, Buddy E.; Swartzendruber, John K.; Jones, Noel D.; Mendelsohn, Laura G.;[...]1988 MarchEnglish
Journal of Organic Chemistry vol. 51 iss. 4 pp.561—564
Effect of A-strain on a diastereoselective synthesis of 6-hydroxy-4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines; revised structures of N-acyliminium ion-polyene cyclization products
DOI: 10.1021/jo00354a035 a a
Kano, Shinzo; Yokomatsu, Tsutomu; Nemoto, Hajime; Shibuya, Shiroshi1986 FebruaryEnglish
Journal of Organic Chemistry vol. 42 iss. 9 pp.1485—1495
Synthesis of 4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines. Functionality in the carbocyclic ring
DOI: 10.1021/jo00429a001 a a
Weller, Dwight D.; Gless, Richard D.; Rapoport, Henry1977 AprilEnglish
ChemInform vol. 19 iss. 29
ChemInform Abstract: A New Approach to the Synthesis of Morphinans and 4a-Aryldecahydroisoquinolines.
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198829310 a a
BIRD, C. W.; NAIDOO, K.1988 July 19
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 17 iss. 34
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of A-Strain on a Diastereoselective Synthesis of 6-Hydroxy-4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines. Revised Structures of N-Acyliminium Ion- Polyene Cyclization Products.
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198634231 a a
KANO, S.; YOKOMATSU, T.; NEMOTO, H.; SHIBUYA, S.1986 August 26
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 8 iss. 41 pp.no—no
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 4A-ARYLDECAHYDROISOQUINOLINES. FUNCTIONALITY IN THE CARBOCYCLIC RING
DOI: 10.1002/chin.197741267 a a
WELLER, D. D.; GLESS, R. D.; RAPOPORT, H.

Above are hotlinks to an entirely overlooked class of potent mu agonists.
 
ID Time add. Title Series Author(s) Publisher Year PagesLanguage
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.52
11. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part IV. Spasmolytics. Phenyl- and cyclohexylphenyl-carbinols
DOI: 10.1039/jr9510000052 a a
Adamson, D. W. ;Barrett, P. A. ;Wilkinson, S.1951
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) vol. 0 iss. 0 pp.312—324
61. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part VI. The stereochemistry of some 1-phenyl-1-2′-pyridylprop-1-enes, and of some 3-(tertiary amino)-1-phenyl-1-2′-pyridylprop-1-enes carrying additional substituents
DOI: 10.1039/JR9580000312 a a
Adamson, D. W. ;Barrett, P. A. ;Billinghurst, J. W. ;Jones, T. S. G.1958
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.1039
212. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part III. 3-Tertiary-amino-1-aryl-1-(2-pyridyl)-propan-1-ols and -prop-1-enes
DOI: 10.1039/JR9500001039 a a
Adamson, D. W. ;Billinghurst, J. W.1950
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) vol. 0 iss. 0 pp.885—890
180. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part II. 3-Amino-1 : 1-di-2′-thienyl-alkan-1-ols and -alk-1-enes
DOI: 10.1039/JR9500000885 a a
Adamson, D. W.1950
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.2315
445. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part V. Antihistamines. The stereochemistry of cis- and trans-3-phenyl-3-pyridylallylamines
DOI: 10.1039/JR9570002315 a a
Adamson, D. W. ;Barrett, P. A. ;Billinghurst, J. W. ;Jones, T. S. G.1957
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.325
62. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part VII. A new synthesis of 1-arylpyrrocolines
DOI: 10.1039/JR9580000325 a a
Barrett, P. A.1958
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.338
63. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part VIII. Some 1-alkyl- and 1 : 2-cycloalkano-pyrrocolines
DOI: 10.1039/JR9580000338 a a
Barrett, P. A. ;Chambers, K. A.1958
Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) pp.S144
S 32. Aminoalkyl tertiary carbinols and derived products. Part I. 3-Amino-1 : 1-diphenylpropan-1-ols
DOI: 10.1039/jr949000s144 a a
Adamson, D. W.1949

Above are hotlinks for the thiambutene class of opioids,
 
ID Time add. Title Series Author(s) Publisher Year PagesLanguage
Psychopharmacology vol. 57 iss. 1 pp.21—26
Narcotic cuing and analgesic activity of narcotic analgesics: Associative and dissociative characteristics
DOI: 10.1007/bf00426952 a a
Francis C. Colpaert; Carlos J. E. Niemegeers; Paul A. J. Janssen1978English
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences vol. 12 iss. 8 pp.293—294
Mydriatic activity of analgesics in mice
DOI: 10.1007/bf02159614 a a
P. A. J. Janssen; A. Jageneau1956 AugustEnglish
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica vol. 26 iss. 3 pp.262—268
Potent, New Analgesics, Tailor-Made for Different Purposes
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1982.tb01765.x a a
P. A. J. Janssen1982 JuneEnglish
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry vol. 17 iss. 10 pp.1047—1051
Synthetic analgesics. Synthesis and pharmacology of the diastereoisomers of N-[3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide and N-[3-methyl-1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide
DOI: 10.1021/jm00256a003 a a
Van Bever, Willem F. M.; Niemegeers, Carlos J. E.; Janssen, Paul A. J.1974 OctoberEnglish
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology vol. 10 iss. 1 pp.14—21
A NEW SERIES OF POTENT ANALGESICS: Dextro 2:2-diphenyl-3-methyl-4-morpholinobutyrylpyrrolidine and related basic amides: Part II :Comparative analgesic activity, acute toxicity and tolerance development in rats for R875, morphine, pethidine and methadone
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1958.tb10268.x a a
Janssen, Paul A. J.; Jageneau, Anton H.1958 SeptemberEnglish
Journal of the American Chemical Society vol. 78 iss. 15 pp.3862—3862
A NEW SERIES OF POTENT ANALGESICS
DOI: 10.1021/ja01596a087 a a
Janssen, Paul A. J.; Janseen, J. C.1956 AugustEnglish
Medical Hypotheses vol. 40 iss. 1 pp.66—74
Analgesics abuse: Theoretical and practical considerations
DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(93)90199-Z a a
Driesens, F; Awouters, F; Goossens, T; Janssen, P1993 JanuaryEnglish
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology vol. 9 iss. 1 pp.381—400
A NEW SERIES OF POTENT ANALGESICS
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1957.tb12290.x a a
P. A. J. Janssen; A. H. Jageneau1957 SeptemberEnglish
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 7 iss. 46 pp.no—no
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC ANALGESICS- N-(1-(2-ARYLETHYL)-4-SUBSTITUTED 4-PIPERIDINYL)-N-ARYLALKANAMIDES
DOI: 10.1002/chin.197646236 a a
VAN DAELE, P. G. H.; DE BRUYN, M. F. L.; BOEY, J. M.; SANCZUK, S.; AGTEN, J. T. M.; JANSSEN, P. A. J.1976 November 16
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 6 iss. 5 pp.no—no
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC ANALGESICS, SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGY OF THE DIASTEREOISOMERS OF N-(3-METHYL-1-(2-PHENYLETHYL)-4-PIPERIDYL)-N-PHENYLPROPANAMIDE AND N-(3-METHYL-1-(1-METHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL)-4-PIPERIDYL)-N-PHENYLPROPANAMIDE
DOI: 10.1002/chin.197505282 a a
VAN BEVER, W. F. M.; NIEMEGEERS, C. E. J.; JANSSEN, P. A. J.1975 February 04
Synthetic Analgesics. Diphenylpropylamines part I b lJanssen P.1960189English
Synthetic Analgesics Part I: Diphenylpropylamines b lPaul A. J. Janssen1960189English

Above are hotlinks for all the opioids discovered by Paul Janssen.
 
ID Time add. Title Series Author(s) Publisher Year PagesLanguage
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry vol. 24 iss. 3 pp.341—346
4-Aryl-4-aminocyclohexanones and their derivatives, a novel class of analgesics. 3. m-Hydroxyphenyl derivatives
DOI: 10.1021/jm00135a019 a a
Lednicer, Daniel; Von Voigtlander, Philip F.; Emmert, D. Edward1981 MarchEnglish
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry vol. 23 iss. 4 pp.424—430
4-Amino-4-arylcyclohexanones and their derivatives, a novel class of analgesics. 1. Modification of the aryl ring
DOI: 10.1021/jm00178a014 a a
Lednicer, Daniel; Von Voigtlander, Philip F.; Emmert, D. Edward1980 AprilEnglish
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry vol. 24 iss. 4 pp.404—408
4-Amino-4-arylcyclohexanones and their derivatives: a novel class of analgesics. 2. Modification of the carbonyl function
DOI: 10.1021/jm00136a010 a a
Lednicer, Daniel; VonVoigtlander, Philip F.; Emmert, D. Edward1981 AprilEnglish
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 12 iss. 34
ChemInform Abstract: 4-AMINO-4-ARYLCYCLOHEXANONES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES: A NOVEL CLASS OF ANALGESICS. PART 2. MODIFICATION OF THE CARBONYL FUNCTION
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198134185 a a
LEDNICER, D.; VON VOIGTLANDER, P. F.; EMMERT, D. E.1981 August 25
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 12 iss. 32
ChemInform Abstract: 4-ARYL-4-AMINOCYCLOHEXANONES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES, A NOVEL CLASS OF ANALGESICS. 3. M-HYDROXYPHENYL DERIVATIVES
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198132152 a a
LEDNICER, D.; VON VOIGTLANDER, P. F.; EMMERT, D. E.1981 August 11
Chemischer Informationsdienst vol. 11 iss. 34
ChemInform Abstract: 4-AMINO-4-ARYLCYCLOHEXANONES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES, A NOVEL CLASS OF ANALGESICS. 1. MODIFICATION OF THE ARYL RING
DOI: 10.1002/chin.198034168 a a
LEDNICER, D.; VON VOIGTLANDER, P. F.; EMMERT, D. E.1980 August 26

Above are hotlinks to all of the opioids discovered by Dr. Danial Lednicer
 
ID Time add. Title Series Author(s) Publisher Year PagesLanguage
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters vol. 3 iss. 12 pp.2641—2646
Phenalene analogs of the kappa opiate agonist, U-50,488
DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)80733-2 a a
Shikai Zhao; Jeremiah P. Freeman; Philip F. VonVoigtlander; Martin W. Smith; Jacob Szmuszkovicz1993 DecemberEnglish
Heterocycles vol. 52 iss. 1 pp.325
Phenanthridone Analogs of the Opiate Agonist U-47,700 in the trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane Benzamide Series
DOI: 10.3987/com-99-s27 a a
Szmuszkovicz, Jacob; Zhao, Shikai; J. Totleben, Michael; A. Mizsak, Stephen; P. Freeman, Jeremiah2000English

Above are the hotlinks to the opioids discovered by Dr. Jacob Szmuszkovicz, a chemist at Upjohn who worked with Dan and who Dan evidently didn't care for on a personal level - usually because Dan was the boss and Jacob hated being told what to do... even though Dan actually did all of the prototyping.
 
(2S,5R,6R)-2-carbomethoxy-6-%5b%5b(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetyl%5damino%5d-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo%5b3.2.0%5dheptane.png


ICHMUB / PAYDIRT
(2S,5R,6R)-2-carbomethoxy-[[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetyl]amino-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane

Like amoxicillin, but more lipophilic and thus better able to cross the blood brain barrier.
 
which isn't needed as amoxicillin already is effective at crossing BBB
[ref]

also amoxicillin is so 1950s, real antibiotic top Gs are the newer cephalosporins
more active at both gram negative and positive organisms and even P.aeruginosa (a toughy)
resistant to beta lactamases
fuck your phenethylamide side chain we be rollin on a chiral acyloxyimino side chain as well as an aminothiazole instead of some basic ass phenyl ring
and on top of that we got a zwitterion between the carboxylate and the pyridinium ring (who cares about valences as long as its electrically neutral right)
behold... ceftazidime
600px-Ceftazidime.svg.png


seriously step it up a notch next time
 
Trovafloxacin is child's play. How about a real man's antibiotic, vancomycin
500px-Vancomycin.svg.png

500px-Vancomycin-from-xtal-1996-3D-balls.png


Three ether-linked phenyls, two with chlorines, and that's not all - also a biphenyl - all from phenylalanine type residues that comprise a cyclic peptide, sort of like polymyxin B from the common OTC double/triple antibiotic ointment. And also two weird ass sugars for good measure.
And chirality, well...
The complex structure of vancomycin incorporates three different types of chirality, with eighteen stereogenic centres, a biaryl axis, and two chloroaromatic rings whose restricted rotations introduce an element of planar chirality [...]
[ref]

It has actually had a total synthesis before, several in fact.
It works as a "reverse penicillin" - they both stop cell wall production by interrupting D-alanine-D-alanine dipeptide linkages, but where penicillin mimics the D-alanine-D-alanine dipeptide and blocks the linkage enzymes, vancomycin binds the D-alanine-D-alanine dipeptide and makes it unable to react any further.

Also it is an "antibiotic of last resort" and there are few things that it will not kill, given IV. And if your infection is vancomycin-resistant, you are, as they say, in big trouble now.

Now, if we are playing the optical phallus measurement optimization activity (colloquially known as "dick sizing"), let me show you this. EPO or erythropoeitin is a peptide horomone that promotes red blood cell production. It has a molecular weight of 35,000 or so, is mostly protien (linked amino acids) bur has some modifications too. The structure is drawn below with every amino acid in a circle to save space.
epostr.jpg

And there was some group in 2013, who through painstaking linking of amino acid to amino acid, made enough EPO to test in mice, and proved it was identical to the natural material. Boom, paper in Science (the "original gangster" of science literature from the US, alongside Nature from the UK, not the easiest thing to do, and usually a career hilight). [ref].
 

I found this, a compound said to be some x25000 more potent than vancomycin.

I will leave it you you, sekio, to modify your ChemOffice image. I'm not quite awake and would assuredly make a pigs ear out of it.
 
Which compound? I see only one that is 500x for a few strains, cmpd 3, X=NH.

Not terribly interesting seeing the same structure basically four times though.

nC8Zpzm.png

Eh0g8fQ.png

Zgh5uQv.png

yRDuEsE.png
 
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